Терапия болезней периодонта с использованием шинирующих волоконных систем

периодонта болезн

Real Estate Development : A Customer Perspective

This doctoral thesis ‘Real Estate Development: a Customer Perspective’, mainly concerns questions that are related to why consumers make a choice and what they are looking for. The first part of this thesis is the result of the research project ‘Models for the Construction Sector’ (MoPo) and the second part is the result of a collaborative project between KTH Royal Institute of Technology, the Construction Sector Innovation Centre (BIC), five private companies[1] and four municipalities in Stockholm County. Since the Latham report (Latham, 1994), there has been considerable debate about the need for an increased focus on the end customer in the construction process. The housing sector in Sweden has a strong tradition in focusing on construction and project management issues and less on customer satisfaction. Similar findings have been reported in ‘Skärpning gubbar’ (Swedish Government Official Report, 2002) and recently, ‘Sega gubbar’ (Byggkommisionen, 2009), which show that attitudes and processes in the housing sector in Sweden have not really changed since the initial report in 2002. From the perspective of consumer-oriented research in residential development, this issue concerns the ability to understand why customers buy (cognition), what they want (the product) and how the message, relating the product to the consumer, should be formulated (marketing). Investment decisions could be improved if developers ask what kind of values have proved to be important for residents and buyers for a specific type of residential development, what the functional and psychological consequences they are looking for are, and then ask what kind of product attributes can be provided, given economic constraints. Paper one shows the main activities in how to provide needed facilities and their relationship to the end users’ core business. Paper two shows how the laddering technique can be used to elicit buyers’ beliefs about the built environment, according to the means-end chain theory. The means-end chain theory postulates that buyers purchase a product because it satisfies personal values and desired consequences, which from their perspective are more important than product attributes. Paper three shows the development of a multi-item attitude scale. This scale identifies five key dimensions that are important for the customer when deciding to purchase an apartment in a residential development. The dimensions are: urban environment, architecture, safety, relaxation and liveliness. Paper four shows structural modelling evidence supporting the theoretical assumption that personal values have an impact upon expectations and perceived performance. The structural sub-models show that if perceived performance is increased, customers’ satisfaction will be positively affected. During our research, we have not found any current knowledge in the construction industry in Sweden on how to investigate and measure customers’ values and their beliefs, or how to model customers’ evaluation of product performance using structural equations. [1] Besqab, JM, NCC, Stockholm municipality, Solna municipality, Sollentuna municipality, Swedbank, Upplands-Väsby municipality, Veidekkke.QC 20100729Formas 244-2004-18

Does energy-effective behavior matter for energt conservation?

Smart meters and in-house displays hold a promise of energy conservation for those who invest in such technology. Research has shown that households only have a limited interest in such technology and information is thus often neglected, with rather limited energy savings. Surprisingly few empirical investigations have a theoretical foundation that may explain what is going on from a behavioral perspective. In this study the economic theory of self-control is used to model energy-efficient behavior in middle-income households in Sweden. Our results show that different levels of energy-efficient behavior do not really have any impact on the actual consumption levels of electricity. Instead, different beliefs exist of being energy-efficient, but the households do not act accordingly. Our results suggest that the payment time period should be changed to stimulate the monitoring of bills and to introduce a gaming strategy to change incentives for energy conservation.QC 20190306</p

What factors matter in rent negotiations? Differences in views between landlords and retail trade tenants

This paper investigates the differences in subjective views of landlords and retail trade tenants regarding the importance of factors in their rent negotiations.  It is explored whether expectations are forward or backward looking as economic activity is increasing after the pandemic. Also, the different levels of trust for institutions, and for the counterpart as organization and individual, are analyzed. The study uses a web-based survey, responses from some 100 landlords and tenants in the Swedish retail sector, and logit regressions. As demand strengthens after the pandemic, indicating a possibility to increase rents, landlords are forward  looking at this stage of the business cycle as regards  industry developments, while tenants are backward looking or focusing more on the current rents. Tenants focus more on the vacancies and the property value, which are set under pressure due to structural developments. Landlords show a higher trust for their counterpart as an individual than do tenants. The study contributes to an increased understanding of rent negotiations in two sectors facing structural challenges and difficulties due to the pandemic.

Application of the economic theory of self-control to model energy conservation behavioral change in households

Smart meters and in-house displays hold a promise of energy conservation for those who invest in such technology. Research has shown that households only have a limited interest in such technology and information is thus often neglected, with rather limited energy savings. Surprisingly few empirical investigations have a theoretical foundation that may explain what is going on from a behavioral perspective. In this study the economic theory of self-control is used to model energy-efficient behavior in middle-income households in Sweden. Our results show that different levels of energy-efficient behavior do not really have any impact on the actual consumption levels of electricity. Instead, different beliefs exist of being energy-efficient, but the households do not act accordingly. Our results suggest that the payment time period should be changed to stimulate the monitoring of bills and to introduce a gaming strategy to change incentives for energy conservation.QC 20190329</p

Application of the economic theory of self-control to model energy conservation behavioral change in households

Smart meters and in-house displays hold a promise of energy conservation for those who invest in such technology. Research has shown that households only have a limited interest in such technology and information is thus often neglected, with rather limited energy savings. Surprisingly few empirical investigations have a theoretical foundation that may explain what is going on from a behavioral perspective. In this study the economic theory of self-control is used to model energy-efficient behavior in middle-income households in Sweden. Our results show that different levels of energy-efficient behavior do not really have any impact on the actual consumption levels of electricity. Instead, different beliefs exist of being energy-efficient, but the households do not act accordingly. Our results suggest that the payment time period should be changed to stimulate the monitoring of bills and to introduce a gaming strategy to change incentives for energy conservation.QC 20190329</p

What factors matter in rent negotiations? Differences in views between landlords and retail trade tenants

This paper investigates the differences in subjective views of landlords and retail trade tenants regarding the importance of factors in their rent negotiations.  It is explored whether expectations are forward or backward looking as economic activity is increasing after the pandemic. Also, the different levels of trust for institutions, and for the counterpart as organization and individual, are analyzed. The study uses a web-based survey, responses from some 100 landlords and tenants in the Swedish retail sector, and logit regressions. As demand strengthens after the pandemic, indicating a possibility to increase rents, landlords are forward  looking at this stage of the business cycle as regards  industry developments, while tenants are backward looking or focusing more on the current rents. Tenants focus more on the vacancies and the property value, which are set under pressure due to structural developments. Landlords show a higher trust for their counterpart as an individual than do tenants. The study contributes to an increased understanding of rent negotiations in two sectors facing structural challenges and difficulties due to the pandemic.

Communication Workflow Perspective on Engineering Work, Concurrent Engineering in Construction, Challenges for the new millennium, CIB publication 236

well understood. The prevailing approach to do this is process modeling. We found, however, that traditional process modeling techniques such as IDEF0 obscure some aspects of human works, such as communication, collaboration, coordination, client-worker relations and client satisfaction and suggest an idealized, problem free view on the engineering works. We find that the communication workflow approach addresses these problems. In the paper we provide the theoretical background of this approach and compare a tool that implements it- Action Workflow- to traditional IDEF0 modeling approach. We found that the observation of the workflow loops between customers and performers provides a good overview of what is going on and enables the study of optimization and paralelisation of the works while at the same time maintaining and improving the quality of the services and client satisfaction. Keywords- process modeling, workflow, coordination workflow, Action Workflow, IDEF, computer integrated constructio